Green Communication: Analysis and Development towards Energy Efficient Communication

Vol.3  No.1

Year: 2014

Issue : Dec-Feb

Title : Green Communication: Analysis and Development towards Energy Efficient Communication

Author Name : Sahil Pratap Singh, Yash Johri

Synopsis :

Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has changed our society remarkably in the last few years, one key feature is its great and continuously-increasing size. There seems no end in sight to the proliferation of mobile communications as over 120,000 new base stations are deployed yearly, and there is growth across every demographic from teenagers to businessmen to the poorest Indian village. The intersection of two undeniably increasing trends, escalating energy costs and meteoric growth in voice and data communications usage, creates an urgent need to address the development of more energy efficient ‘green’ communications. According to BCC Research, the ICT global market was worth $38.4 billion in 2010; the forecast is a growth to $58.4 billion and the downlink traffic from cellular handsets is expected to grow more than eight fold rising from 56MB per month to 455MB by 2015. This meteoric rise in users and data demand alone does not create a crisis; however when one evaluates the communications ecosystem from a carbon footprint and energy cost perspective, the results are startling. Although its effects on our everyday lives are obvious, the hazardous effects that this technology may have on the environment are much less clear and seldom talked about and are often neglected or overlooked. These impacts can be expressed throughout the lifecycle (from the manufacturing, use and disposal) of the ICT product. This paper presents a research vision for Green Communications. The core tenant of our Green Communications vision is to reduce overall energy consumption within framework of optimizing system capacity and maintaining user Quality of Service.

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Association Rule Mining Algorithm for Web Search Result Optimization: A Review

Vol.3  No.1

Year: 2014

Issue : Dec-Feb

Title : Association Rule Mining Algorithm for Web Search Result Optimization: A Review

Author Name : VINOD KUMAR YADAV, Dr. Anil Kumar Malviya, SATENDRA KUMAR

Synopsis :

The web is an enormous information space where a large number of an individual article or unit such as documents, images, videos or other multimedia can be retrieve. In this context, several information technologies have been developed to assist users to gratify their searching needs on web, and the most used by users are search engines as Yahoo, Google, Netscape, e-Bay, e-Trade, Expedia, Amazon, Bing, Ask, and so on. The search engines allow users to find web relevant resources by setting up their queries and reviewing a list of answers. In this paper a search result optimization method for search engine optimization by page rank updating, query recommendation and query reformulation are proposed. It explores the users queries registered in the search engine’s query logs in order to learn how users search and also in order to design algorithms that can improve the correctness of the answers suggested to users. The proposed method starts by exploring the query logs to find query clusters and identify session of queries then it examine query logs to discover useful relationship among pages, keywords and queries within clusters using association rule mining algorithms such as an apriori algorithm and automated apriori algorithm. We also showed that automated apriori algorithm generates more strong rules as compare to apriori algorithm.

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Report on Hierarchal Load Balancing Technique in Grid Environment

Vol.2  No.4

Year: 2013

Issue: Sep-Nov

Title : Report on Hierarchal Load Balancing Technique in Grid Environment

Author Name : Neeraj Rathore, Inderveer Chana

Synopsis :

Grid computing offers the network with large scale computing resources. Load balancing is effective for balancing the load of large scale heterogeneous grid resources that are typically owned by different organizations. Not all the techniques provide the same benefits for users in utilizing the resources in a quick response time. Similarly, the profit earned by resource providers also differs for different Load balancing technique. We surveyed the load balancing and job migration technique used in grid computing since its inception until 2013. We discuss their advantages and disadvantages and analyze their suitability for usage in a dynamic grid environment. To the best of our knowledge, no such survey has been conducted in the literature up to now. A comparative study of some of them along with their pitfalls in case of huge distributed environment, like Grid, is discussed in this paper. We also proposed efficient hierarchal Load Balancing algorithm to close all the existing gaps.

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Model Based Clustering Using Evolutionary Algorithm

Vol.2  No.4

Year: 2013

Issue: Sep-Nov

Title : Model Based Clustering Using Evolutionary Algorithm

Author Name : Ra. Radhika, R. Devi Priya

Synopsis :

Clustering is collection of data objects that are similar to one another and thus can be treated collectively as one group. The model based clustering approach uses model for clustering and optimizes the fit between the data and model. The evolutionary algorithm has the ability to thoroughly search the parameter space, providing an approach inherently more robust with respect to local maxima. In EvolvExpectation-Maximization(EvolvEM)algorithm,Expectation Maximization and Genetic algorithm is used for clustering data which shows more efficiency then EM clustering. The drawback in this method is that its execution time is higher and it requires more parameters. In the proposed approach, instead of Genetic algorithm, Bee colony optimization can be combined with Expectation Maximization algorithm in order to improve execution time and clustering efficiency. Hence, it can be efficiently used for clustering.

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Trapdoor Hash Based Signature Amortization Technique to Authenticate

Vol.2  No.4

Year: 2013

Issue: Sep-Nov

Title : Trapdoor Hash Based Signature Amortization Technique to Authenticate

Author Name : Bruntha M, Premalatha J

Synopsis :

A Content Distribution Network (CDN) is a collection of large number of server deployed in different area across the internet. CDN serves end-users with high availability of content and high performance. It mainly supports application like ecommerce, live digital streaming media, on demand streaming media, etc. In such application end-users involve with very low data rate, varying communication overhead, low tolerance for high latency. The existing work uses a single signing/verification operation by chaining technique for signing/verifying multiple packets. The signature is generated using Feige Fiat Shamir signature scheme. In proposed work a security mechanism known as Trapdoor hash based signature amortization technique is implemented. This authenticates individual data blocks in a stream and the signature is generated using DL-SA signature scheme. The proposed technique provide high tolerance for loss of intermediate blocks, higher signing and verification rate, limited communication overhead.

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Approaches to Detect and Prevent Cross-Site Scripting Attacks on Websites: A Survey

Vol.2  No.4

Year: 2013

Issue: Sep-Nov

Title : Approaches to Detect and Prevent Cross-Site Scripting Attacks on Websites: A Survey

Author Name : Bharti Nagpal, Naresh Chauhan , Nanhay Singh

Synopsis :

The expansion of the Internet has made web applications a part of everyday life. The numbers of incidents which exploit web application vulnerabilities are increasing day by day. Due to the growth of networks and internet, many offline services have been changed to online services. Nowadays, most online services consists of web services. The ability to access the web from any place at anytime is a great advantage.However, as the popularity of the web increases, attacks on the web increases. Most of the attacks made on the web targets the vulnerabilities of web applications. This paper surveys the most popular existing XSS related issues, their Detection/Prevention techniques and tools proposed in last decade. These vulnerabilities are researched and analyzed at [1]OWASP(Open Web Application Security project).It tracks the most common failures on websites.Cross-Site Scripting(XSS) attacks are a type of injection problem in which malicious scripts are injected into the trusted web sites.

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Modified PSOLA-Genetic Algorithm based approach for Voice Re-Construction

Vol.2  No.4

Year: 2013

Issue: Sep-Nov

Title : Modified PSOLA-Genetic Algorithm based approach for Voice Re-Construction

Author Name : Partha Sarathy Banarjee, Dr. Uttam Kumar Roy

Synopsis :

The process by which we try to reconstruct or regenerate a voice sample from a source sample or try to modify a source voice to a desirable voice, we call it as Synthetic voice generation or artificial voice or voice conversion. The basic and conventional remedy to this issue are based on training and applying conversion functions which generally require a suitable amount of pre-stored training data from both the source and the target speaker. The paper deals with a very crucial issue of achieving the required prosody, timber and some other unique voice templates by considerably reducing the dependence on the sample training dataset of voice. We needed to find out a way by which we can have templates of the “to be achieved voice” which are nearly same parametrically. This is achieved by assigning a marker to the target voice sample for training .A proper estimation of the transformation function can be made possible only by the above mentioned data. We can get the process done by pre existing methods. In nut shell what we proposed is that a system by which in the scarce availability of training dataset also we can reach to a considerable amount of closeness of the target voice. Even though there is a disadvantage that to have higher precision and closer resemblance we need to have clear idea of the system of spelling that a language uses.

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